Royal Origins in the 14th Century

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The early fair focused on trade and survival. Farmers brought livestock and crops to sell to neighbors. Merchants traveled from distant lands to offer rare goods. These gatherings helped the regional economy grow quickly.

The event originally took place near the Cathedral of Viseu. This central location made it accessible to everyone. The church played a large role in the early festivities. Religion and commerce blended together during these weeks.

A "Feira Franca" meant traders paid no taxes on their goods. This was a huge advantage in the medieval era. It encouraged people to travel from Spain and beyond. This status helped Viseu become a major trade hub.

The Fair During the Renaissance Period

The fair evolved significantly during the 16th century. King Manuel I confirmed the fair's importance with a new charter. He wanted to strengthen the trade routes in the region. This period saw an increase in luxury goods.

Artisans began displaying their finest work at the fair. You can still see traditional crafts at São Mateus fair today. These skills have passed down through many generations. The Renaissance brought new wealth to the city of Viseu.

The fair's duration also started to expand. What began as a short market became a long celebration. People from all over Portugal began to attend the event. It became a social highlight for the entire kingdom.

The local government worked hard to maintain order. They created specific rules for sellers and buyers. You can learn more about these ancient laws at the Câmara Municipal de Viseu website. History is preserved in their municipal archives.

Moving to the Campo de Viriato

The location of the fair changed in the 18th century. It moved to the expansive Campo de Viriato. This site offers more space for the growing crowds. It sits near the ancient Roman walls of the city.

The new location allowed for more entertainment options. Large tents and wooden stalls filled the open fields. Musicians and performers became a regular part of the schedule. The fair transformed from a market into a festival.

The Campo de Viriato remains the heart of the fair. It provides a historic backdrop for every modern celebration. Visitors in 2026 will still walk these same historic grounds. The site connects the past with the present day.

During the 19th century, the fair added agricultural machinery. This helped local farmers modernize their daily work. It became a place to see the latest technology. The event acted as a bridge to the modern world.

Modern Traditions and the 2026 Vision

Today, the fair is a massive cultural event. It lasts for over five weeks during the summer. You should check the São Mateus 2026 dates before planning your trip. The event now features international music stars.

Modern technology has updated the fair experience. There are now high-tech rides and interactive displays. However, the core of the fair remains unchanged. It is still a place for community and celebration.

The 2026 edition promises to be the biggest yet. New exhibits will highlight the fair's long and rich history. Families will find many family activities at the fair this year. It remains the oldest continuous fair in Iberia.

Viseu welcomes thousands of tourists every August and September. The Visit Portugal portal offers great tips for international travelers. Make sure to book your accommodation early for 2026. The city fills up quickly during the festival weeks.